Corporate Social Responsibility Essay

Competition is befitting more and more fierce while the market is becoming globalization. With higher consumer sovereignty, customers argon no longer satisfied with put away products and good services. The society concerned more some the business ethic and environmental issues. Companies ar expected to act virtuously nowadays. The ideas of merged Social tariff and Corporate Citizenship are spreading faster than ever before and become one of the hottest business models in the recent decades. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is be as the commitment of business to contribute to sustainable economic development, working with employees, their families, the local comm building blocky and society at ample to improve their quality of invigoration at the World Business Council for Sustainable Development in 2000. The main idea of CSR is that corporations should be responsible to the stakeholders which include the customers, shareholders, suppliers, employees or any other company that whitethorn be influenced by the integrated actions.Different organizations may put up formed different fond responsible programs which nookie be categorized in four major components the environment, the community, the work place and the market place. Different companies will emphasize on different aspects to create the kindly responsible programs. Particular CSR initiatives may do good, or harm, or make no difference one way or the other, but it is important to resist the winner of the CSR idea. (Briggs & Verma, 2006) Mounting evidences exhibition the benefits brought by the CSR Programs. For example, corporations made huge donation to disasters nationwide and to the bottom billions.However, non both CSR Program can be built up triple-crownly. Nestl had suffered from a ostracise last over 30 years which is the result from its failed CSR Program. Known as the baby killer, Nestl is blamed to kill thousands of Babies in the less developed region. They promoted and dist ributed free ostentation formula milk powder to replace breastfeeding and led to severe health problems or even death to the babies (Sethi, 1979). The two opposite results of CSR programs bring up queries for CSR programs. Is in that location a business cocktail dress for CSR? How can corporations be benefitted from CSR? Theses questions will be discussed in this essay and so as the answers.B. Is there a business case for CSR?Corporations are expected to be good citizens asserted by Briggs and Verma (2006). Customers are demanding more from the corporations. Responsible corporates are required to meet the Triple Bottom Lines which are the economic sustainability, environmental sustainability and social sustainability. Join Elington illustrate the interrelationship of the triple bottom line in 1997, Society depends on the economy and the economy depends on the global ecosystem, whose health represents the ultimate bottom line (Elkington, 1997). CSR programs can overly help the c ompany to achieve sustainable growth which is the ultimate goal for every CSR program. Sustainable development is development to satisfy the needs of present generation without sacrificing the ability of future generations to development (WCED, 1987). Study indicates that sustainable growth and business success cannot be achieved solely by maximising short-term profits, but instead through market-oriented and social responsible programs (Neal, 2006). The CSR programs may engage with the following four aspects the environment, the community, the oeuvre and the market place (World Business Council, 2000).As the foundation of every human being in the earth, responsible to environment is an essential dowery of CSR programs. Learnt from the Industrial conversion when people sacrifice environment for business growth, private organizations today surrender worked to improve the environment. For example, Toyota has developed the hybrid card models which can use both give the sack and el ectricity as power source. It can help to reduce the air pollution and reduce the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. This innovation is also being considered as long-term oriented and sustainable for future development so both the customers and investors are satisfied with it. The second aspect of corporate social righteousness is the community. Corporations have to be responsibility to the local community as they are the essential for the business success. Social responsible firms should hire local labour force in the work place. Corporations often make donation after huge disasters such as earthquake or hurricane.For example, companies had donated over US$547 millions after the catastrophe of Hurricane Katrina in 2005 (Briggs & Verma, 2006). Although some criticize that the corporations are qualification disasters into opportunities for public relationship, the donation can certainly help the community to rebuilt their home afterward, The third aspect of corporate social responsi bility is the workplace. Companies are responsible to ensure the safety and ethnic in the workplace. The employees are generating the profit so the companies should be responsible to them by creating harmless and musical harmony working environment. For example, Nike, and other American and European sports wear production companies, promise to monitor the working conditions in its supplier factories in less developed countries (Vogel, 2005, 1).Corporations should also be responsible to the market place. no. just manufacturing quality product but also meeting the needs of various customers. For example, although smart phones are becoming popular in recent years, some people with optic disability may not able to use those products without assistant from other people. By introducing the Voiceover application, customers with visual disability can use the smart phone or other devices created by Apple easily. Besides the positive point of view, there have perpetually been criticisms o f CSR ever since it was invented. In 1970, the Nobel Price winner, Friedman wrote The Social Responsibility of Business is to change magnitude its Profits and the three main arguments he stated in his article have become the foundation for the criticisms against CSR. In his first argument, Friedman claimed that only human beings have a moral responsibility for their actions (Friedman, 1970).As a collected entity, companies do not have the responsibility of the decision made by the forethought. However, corporations act like human in many ways. For examples, in legal terms, corporations are consisted as an insubstantial person whose behavior is decided by the corporate internal decision structure and the organizational culture. Many corporations are acting progressively to create a public perception of good citizenship to gain positive work out and competitive advantages from the society (Brigs and Verma, 2006). In the following article, Friedman pointed out that the government, instead of the private business section, should be responsible to solve the social issues and problems (Friedman, 1970). Later scholars support his argument that with huge amount of tax collected by the government, the responsibility of social support should be transferred to the government and the public sectors.However, in some cases, government may not be able to take the responsibility due to insufficient funds or malfunction of government agent. Geoge Kell, executive head of the coupled Nationss Global Compact Office, indicated that So long as government fail to do their part and so long as business goes global, CSR helps fill an important void (Brigs and Verma, 2006). The last argument of Friedman is that the managers should be responsible for the interest of shareholders (Friedman, 1970). Charring out CSR programs may increase the toll and weaken the companys performance. In which way, the interests of the shareholders are harmed (Henderson, 2001). This argument is proven w rong by the countless successful business cases of CSR programs.C. How can corporations be benefited from the CSR programs?1. CSR can help the corporates to increase the profits. Corporations can be benefited from the CSR programs in many aspects. Since the most important goal for the company is maximise its profit, scholars and managers are working to shape out how CSR programs will influence the companys profitability. Companies generally increase their profitability by two means Cut price and Differentiation (Porter, 1985). An impelling CSR Programs can help the corporations to achieve both points. Cost reduction can be achieved by CSR Programs directly or indirectly. The direct way is to reduce the cost by using the raw material or energy in a more efficient way. For example, by reducing the packaging, companies can cut the unit cost of product and protect the environment by producing less waste at the same time (Welford, 2000).The other way is to reducing the indirect cost s uch as the employee training cost, the management cost. For example, the employee caring programs can lower the employee turnover rate and reducing the hiring and training cost for new employees. By this mean, the employees are more satisfied to the companies and will be less likely to resign and have give performance in the workplace. Google has been paid attention to this issue. The company created the scoop up working environment in the world and create the most satisfied. The CSR program successes in increasing ability to attract and retain employees and reducing operating cost. some other way to increase profitability is differentiation.By using differentiation strategy, the products can be outstanding among the competitors (Welford, 2000). Corporates have been using CSR programs as differentiation points long agone and achieve positive result. Take the Body Shop as an example. They differentiate their products from the other skin care products by using all natural ingredien ts and making statements such as no animal test and support community fair trade. By building such social and environmental responsibility image, the Body Shop successfully build up its brand image and reputation and create the customer loyalty. 2. CSR can enhance brand competitiveness.Todays companies can no longer afford to ignore CSR. More and more corporates build up their own CSR programs to enhance their brand competitiveness by enhancing the image and reputation of the corporates. Firstly, customers nowadays focus more on the image and reputation of the brands. They demand more than quality product and nice services. According to the research conducted by the PR firm Hill & Knowlton, 79% of Americans take corporate citizenship into account when makings purchase decision (Briggs and Verma, 2006). Corporate Social Responsibility Programs can help the corporate to gain the public trust and support which will enhance the brand competitiveness.Customer sovereignty has further supp orted the ideas that with high degree of freedom and information, customers can make their choices among different brands. The brand with better image or reputation will be more likely to win in the industry. Secondly, Corporate Citizenship is demanded by the government. Especially for some sensitive business that companies need to maintain nice relationship with the government. For example, Casino Industry in Las Vegas and Macao are expected to make large donation to the responsible gambling program or the charity funds.By making public donation, the firms may be able to build up better image to reduce the resist in the society and the government. Managers continually encounter demands from multiple stakeholder groups to devote resources to corporate social responsibility (McWilliams & Siegel, 2001). Investors consider more about the social responsibility of the invested firms nowadays. Companies cannot managing their impact on society and the environment if engaging in CSR (Brigs & Verma, 2006)D. ConclusionCorporate Social Responsibility is becoming the trend of social public relationship strategies in the recent decades. In this essay, questions of CSR programs have been discussed in many aspects. With thousands of successful cases of corporate citizenship, companies all working hard to catch up with the trend and develop their own CSR programs. Although there are criticisms about the intention and the necessity of corporate social responsibility programs, the effective of CSR programs is ascertained. Later study shows that successful CSR program can benefit the society and the company at the same time. The corporations can enjoy higher profits and better brand competitiveness by setting up CSR programs. Therefore, companies should work with the community to achieve the win-win situation.BibliographyBriggs, W. & Verma, A. 2006. Sharing the wealth. Communication world. January February 2006. pp. 25-28 Freeman, R.E. 1984 Strategic Management A Stakeholder Ap proach. Marshfield, MA Pitman publish Inc. Friedman, M. 1970 The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase its Profits. The New York Times Magazine, September 13, 1970 Henderson, D. 2001. The Case Against Corporate Social Responsibility. Policy Vol.17 no.2. pp. 28-32. Winter 2001 Neal, A. C. 2007. Corporate Social Responsibility Governance Gain or Laissez-Faire Figleaf?. HeinOnline. 2007-2008. pp. 460-474 Robison, M. 2002. RSA Wold Leaders Lecture Beyond Good Intentions Corporate Citizenship for a New Century. United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. London, 7 May 2002. Sethi, S. P. 1979. A Conceptual Framework for Environmental Analysis of Social Issues and Evaluation of Business Response Patterns. The Acdemy of Management Review, Vol.4, No. 1, pp. 63-74 Vogle, D. The Market for Virtue the Potential and Limits of Corporate Social Responsibility. 2005. Harrisonburg, Virginia WCED. 1987. Our Common Future, World Commission on Environment and Development. Oxford Oxf ord University Press. Welford, R. 2000 Corporate environmental management 3 Towards sustainable development, London Earthscan.

Nazi Germany Totalitarian State

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Coraline Book review

Coralline is a horror story featuring a family that has recently moved to a new mob. Coralline, a young girl, detests the move. When she discovers a door in the drawing room, she becomes curious. When she looks the first time, there is Just a brick wall, just now the next time she checks, there is a passageway to an alternate universe. Coralline starts to believe that she likes this newfound world more, tho will it stay that This British novella takes place in a community in Britain in summer 2002. This is a horror appropriate but isnt as frightening as other books.The of import characters are Coralline Jones, Mrs.. Jones, Mr.. Jones, The Cat, The Other Mother, and The Other Father. The story is told in third person and focuses mainly on Carolinas adventures. The piece revolves around a young girl named Coralline traveling through a door in her house to an alternate universe that has other versions of her parents that try to take her from the real world. Coralline believes she likes it there at first and wishes she could bed there but soon finds the evil in her other parents plans. There are two affirmable themes to this book.The first is be careful what you wish for and the second is its hard to look past the surface when it looks so perfect. This book was incredibly interesting and very different from any horror book Ive ever tape. Although it didnt cow me like other books might, it was written differently and had a very interesting plot. I would recommend this book to anyone looking for a new book or a good book to read. I read this book due to the interest In the movie that I saw when I was younger and I enjoyed It twice as much as I loved the movie. I would definitely recommend this to everyone.

Evidence of Chemical Change Essay

PurposeTo observe some(prenominal) chemic changes (reactions) and the evidence they exhibit for chemical change.DataSee page 3AnalysisThe two terms that describe possible energy change in a chemical reaction ar Exothermic, for example when a gas is formed when dogshit II Chloride and Aluminum are mixed, and Endothermic, for example when sloven II Hydroxide is heated.There are many substances used in this experiment, the elements are Hydrogen Gas, Aluminum, and fast Copper, the compounds are Copper II process, Sodium Hydroxide, Copper II Hydroxide, Copper II Oxide, Hydrochloric Acid, Sodium Nitrate, H2O, Copper II Chloride, and Aluminum Chloride.In the last step of this experiment Aluminum Chloride is not a unfaltering like it should be at room temperature, it is evaporated into the mixture. In order to recover the Aluminum Chloride as a solid, you would have to evaporate out all of the water.The color of the solution Copper II Nitrate is blue and the color of the solution C opper II Chloride is blue. Of all the substances listed in the second question, the ones that dissolve in water are Sodium Nitrate, Aluminum Chloride, Copper II Nitrate, Sodium Hydroxide, and Hydrochloric Acid, the substances that do not dissolve in water are Copper II Hydroxide, Copper II Oxide, solid Copper, Aluminum, and Copper II Chloride.These equations are written referring to the procedures in this experimenta) copper(II) process + sodium hydroxide copper(II) hydroxide + sodium nitrate b) copper(II) hydroxide (+ heat) copper(II) oxide + H2O c) copper(II) oxide + hydrochloric sour copper(II) chloride + H2O d) copper(II) chloride + aluminum solid copper + aluminum chloride e) aluminum + hydrochloric acid hydrogen gas + aluminum chlorideFour general observations seen in this experiment that indicate a chemical change has occurred are color change, energy change, gas formed, and solid formed.

Catholic Sacraments

The Sacraments of the Catholic perform ar, the Church teaches, efficacious signs of modify, instituted by rescuer and entrusted to the Church, by which divine life is dispensed to us. The visible solemnitys by which the services are far-famed signify and lick present the graces suitable to each ceremony. They bear fruit in those who receive them with the required dispositions. Though non e real individual has to receive every observance-0, the Church affirms that, for believers as a whole, the sacraments are necessary for salvation, as the modes of grace divinely instituted by the Nazarene-1 Himself.Through each of them Christ bestows that sacraments particular grace, such as incorporation into Christ and the Church, forgiveness of netherworlds, or consecration for a particular service. The Church teaches that the effect of a sacrament comes by the very fact of being divvy uped, regardless of the somebodyal worship of the minister administering it. However, a recipie nts own lack of proper disposition to receive the grace conveyed git block the effectiveness of the sacrament in that person.The sacraments presuppose organized religion and through their intelligence agencys and ritual elements, nourish, strengthen and give expression to faith. The Catechism of the Catholic Church-2 lists the sacraments as follows The whole liturgical life of the Church revolves around the observanceic sacrifice and the sacraments. There are seven sacraments in the Church Baptism-3, Confirmation-4, Eucharist-5, Penance-6, Anointing of the Sick-7, Holy Orders-8, and Matrimony-9. Baptism-10 is the first and basic sacrament of Christian initiation.Baptism is usually conferred today by pouring water three times on the recipients head, plot of ground reciting the baptismal formula I baptize you in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit-11. The ordinary minister of the sacrament is a bishop or priest, or a deacon. In case of necessity-12, any angiotensin converting enzyme intending to do what the Church does, even if that person is not a Christian, thunder mug baptize. The sacrament frees from superior sin-13 and all personal sins, and from the punishment ue to them. Baptism makes the person share in the Trinitarian life of god through sanctifying grace-14, the grace of justification that incorporates the person into the body of Christ and his Church, also making the person a sharer in the priesthood of Christ. It imparts the theological virtues-15 faith-16, hope-17, and charity-18 and the gifts of the Holy Spirit, and marks the baptized person with a unearthly cast or character that indicates permanent belonging to Christ.Baptism is the foundation of communion between all Christians. The many symbols of baptism let in a white garment, symbolizing innocence and purity, a candle, symbolizing the Light of Christ, the Oil of Chrism, which is used to select the baby or candidate being baptized, and the water, which sy mbolizes cleansing and the washing away of sin. Confirmation is the second sacrament of Christian initiation. It is called Confirmation because it confirms and strengthens baptismal grace.It is conferred by the anointing-19 with Sacred Chrism-20, which is petroleum mixed with balsam and consecrated by the bishop, which is do by the laying on of the hand of the minister who pronounces the sacramental words proper to the rite. These words remark to a gift of the Holy Spirit-21 that marks the recipient as with a seal. Through the sacrament the grace given in baptism is strengthened and deepened.Like baptism, confirmation whitethorn be received only once, and the recipient mustiness be in a state of grace meaning free from any known unconfessed mortal sin-22 in order to receive its effects. The originating minister of the sacrament is a validly consecrated bishop-23 if a priest confers the sacrament and in special cases, the link with the higher order is indicated by the use of oil b lessed-24 by the bishop on Holy Thursday-25 itself or on a day close to it. In the East, which retains the superannuated practice, the sacrament is administered by the parish priest immediately after baptism.In the West, where administration is normally mute for those who can go through its significance, it came to be postp angiotensin converting enzymed until the recipients early adulthood only if in view of the earlier age at which children are now admitted to reception of the Eucharist, it is more and more restored to the usageal order and administered before giving the third sacrament of Christian initiation. The Eucharist is the sacrament, the third of Christian initiation, completes Christian initiation by which Catholics partake of the Body and tune of Jesus-26 Christ and enrol in his one sacrifice.The first of these two aspects of the sacrament is also called Holy Communion. The cacography which must be wheaten and wine which must be from grapes used in the Eucharist ic rite are, in Catholic faith, transformed in all but appearance into the Body and Blood of Christ, a change that is called transubstantiation-27. That is, Catholics believe they are sacramentally, though not physically, eating and drinking the human flesh and fund of Jesus Christ. Only a bishop-28 or priest-29 is enabled to be a minister of the Eucharist, acting in the person of Christ himself.Deacons-30 as well as priests are ordinary ministers of Holy Communion, and lay people may be authorized in limited circumstances to act as extraordinary ministers of Holy Communion. The Eucharist is seen as the source and summit of Christian living, the high point of gods sanctifying action on the faithful and of their devotion of God, the point of contact between them and the liturgy of heaven. So important is it that participation in the Eucharistic jubilation is seen as obligatory on every Sunday and holy day of obligation-31 and is recommended on other days.Also recommended for thos e who participate in the Mass is reception, with the proper dispositions, of Holy Communion. This is seen as obligatory at least once a year, during Eastertide. The Sacrament of Penance is the first of two sacraments of healing. The Catechism of the Catholic Church mentions in the following orders different call of the sacrament, calling it the sacrament of conversion, Penance, confession, forgiveness and Reconciliation. It is the sacrament of spiritual healing for a baptized person from the distancing from God resulting from sins committed.If a man sins after baptism, he cannot have baptism as a remedy Baptism, which is a spiritual regeneration, cannot be given a second time. Reconciliation involves four elements Contrition the Penitents sincere remorse for wrongdoing or sin, repentance, without which the rite has no effect Confession to a Priest with the faculty to hear confessions while it may be spiritually helpful to confess to another, only a Priest has the power to administ er the sacrament, Absolution by the Priest, and, Satisfaction or Penance.Many sins wrong our neighbor. One must do what is possible in order to repair the harm. Simple justice requires as much. But sin also injures and weakens the sinner himself, as well as his relationships with God and neighbor. Absolution takes away sin, but it does not remedy all the disorders sin has caused. Raised up from sin, the sinner must still recover his full spiritual health by doing something more to make amends for the sin he must make satisfaction for or abye his sins. This satisfaction is also called penance.In early Christian centuries, this element of satisfaction was quite onerous and generally preceded absolution, but now it usually involves a simple task for the penitent to perform, to make some reparation and as a medicinal means of strengthening against further temptation. The priest is bound by the seal of confession-32, which is inviolable. Accordingly, it is perfectly wrong for a confess or in any way to betray the penitent, for any reason whatsoever, whether by word or in any other fashion.A confessor who chargely violates the sacramental seal incurs an automatic excommunication whose lifting is reserved to the Holy See-33. In some dioceses, certain sins are reserved which means only certain confessors can absolve them. Some sins, such as violation of the sacramental seal, consecration of bishops without authorization by the Holy See, direct physical attacks on the Pope-34, and intentional desecration of the Eucharist are reserved to the Holy See.A special single(a) faculty from the Sacred Penitentiary-35 is normally required to absolve these sins. Anointing of the Sick-36 is the second sacrament of healing. In this sacrament a priest anoints the sick with oil blessed specifically for that purpose. The anointing of the sick can be administered to any member of the faithful who, having reached the use of reason, begins to be in danger by reason of illness or old age. A new illness or a worsening of health enables a person to receive the sacrament a further time.When, in the Western Church, the sacrament was conferred only on those in immediate danger of death, it came to be known as Extreme Unction-37, Final Anointing, administered as one of the Last Rites. The other Last Rites are Confession if the dying person is physically unable to confess, at least absolution, conditional on the existence of contrition, is given, and the Eucharist, which when administered to the dying is known as Viaticum-38, a word whose original meaning in Latin-39 was provision for a journey.Holy Orders-40 is the sacrament by which a man is made a bishop-41, a priest-42, or a deacon-43, and thus dedicated to be an image of Christ-44. A bishop is the minister of this sacrament. lodge as a bishop confers the fullness of the sacrament, making the bishop a member of the body of successors of the Apostles, and giving him the mission to teach, sanctify, and govern, on w ith the care of all the Churches.Ordination as a priest configures the priest to Christ the Head of the Church and the one essential High Priest, and conferring on him the power, as the bishops assistant, to celebrate the sacraments and other liturgical acts, especially the Eucharist. Ordination as a deacon configures the deacon to Christ the Servant of All, placing him at the service of the bishop, especially in the Churchs example of Christian charity towards the poor and preaching of the word of God.Aspirants to the priesthood are required by canon law-45 to go through a seminary-46 program that includes, as well as graduate level philosophical and theological studies, a formation program that includes spiritual direction-47, retreats-48, apostolate experience, etc. The course of studies in preparation for ordination as a permanent deacon is decided by the pontifical conference-49 concerned. Matrimony-50, or Marriage, like Holy Orders, is a sacrament that consecrates for a parti cular mission in building up the Church, and that provides grace for accomplishing that mission.This sacrament, seen as a sign of the love uniting Christ and the Church, establishes between the spouses a permanent and exclusive bond, sealed by God. Accordingly, a marriage between baptized-51 people, validly entered into and consummated, cannot be dissolved. The sacrament confers on them the grace they need for attaining holiness in their married life and for responsible acceptance and upbringing of their children.As a condition for validity, the sacrament is celebrated in the presence of the local Ordinary-52 or Parish Priest-53 or of a cleric delegated by them or in certain limited circumstances a lay person delegated by the diocesan Bishop with the approval of the Episcopal Conference-54 and the permission of the Holy See-55 and at least two other witnesses, though in the theological tradition of the Latin Church the ministers of the sacrament are the couple themselves.For a valid marriage, a man and a woman must express their conscious and free consent to a definitive self-giving to the other, excluding no(prenominal) of the essential properties and aims of marriage. If one of the two is a non-Catholic Christian, their marriage is licit only if the permission of the competent leave of the Catholic Church is obtained. If one of the two is not a Christian, the competent authoritys dispensation is necessary for validity.

The Future of Jakarta

hood of Ind unitysia faces a be of conundrums as it develops. They include transaction congestion, swamp, waste disposal and ensuring a supply of clean pee to gravid of Indonesias inhabitants. How serious be these businesss? Will you want to live in large(p) of Indonesia in 2025? capital of Indonesia, the capital metropolis of Indonesia has suffered legion(predicate) problems for decades. Recent years name seen increasing concern approximately several(prenominal) problems in capital of Indonesia. The major problems ar affair congestion, flood, waste disposal and ensuring a supply of clean water to capital of Indonesias inhabitants. These problems argon interconnected.capital of Indonesia is the high hat destination for Indonesians to get a better life, entirely this raise result in traffic jams beca workout of the over nation. It appears that the spate of capital of Indonesia have a corky spot towards garbage disposal, and this contri savees to the problem o f flooding. Even though capital of Indonesia has numerous problems, whatsoever people remove to live hither and some have no other(a)(a) choices. As Jakarta develops, the problems are also getting bigger. They have to be eliminated as soon as possible to create a better future for Jakarta. Jakarta is the capital and largest metropolis in Indonesia.Located on the northwest coast of Java, it is the most populous city in Indonesia and in Southeast Asia. The official metropolitan area, known as Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi), is the second largest in the world. By this definition, I bring in that Jakarta is the focus of Indonesia. Jakarta is a center of economic, cultural, education and political that peck enable Jakarta to develop. We also know that Jakarta has one of the largest nations in the world. This is one of the factors of the ever-increasing major problems. This prove has been split up into terce parts.The first part deals with the over c ommunity in Jakarta. The second part looks at the traffic jam and flooding that are the major problems of Jakarta. The third part of this essay considers the positive things that are developing in Jakarta as a metropolitan city. Finally, I will conclude my ideas. These help us to the purpose of this essay which is deciding to live in Jakarta in 2050 or non. According to Jakarta Post (Jakartas emergence numbers, 2010), Jakartas population is increasing at an alarming level. According to the recent depicted object census, the capital city is inhabited by nearly 9.6 one million million million people.The citys population is 4 pct of the countrys total population of 237. 6 million people. With the new figures, we can see that the citys population has grown 4. 4 percent over the last 10 years, up from 8. 3 million in 2000. Jakarta is a busy, overcrowded city with traffic chaos either mean solar sidereal day conviction and slums in galore(postnominal) areas. Currently, less than 10 percent of the city is dedicated to open spaces. We can advantageously ideate that urbanization is the biggest factor of population growth in Jakarta because Jakarta attracts people with its advantages.For example, five-year-old farmers choose to leave their hometowns to work in the city due to a miss of government incentives in the pastoral sector, while people with higher education prefer to work in Jakarta because Jakarta has the best education and job opportunities than other provinces. The problem can be solved by reduce disparities between Jakarta and other provinces. One of the major problems in Jakarta is traffic jams. Nowadays the traffic jams work worse it is difficult to go anywhere without delay. Since the modern era, e reallybody needs carry-over to live and we cannot differentiate dose and traffic.As Balie (2009) points out, statistic show total vehicles in Jakarta now are closely 4,9 million, of which 2,8 million have deuce wheels and 2,1 million have f our wheels. We almost see traffic chaos every time specially at works and school time which is at 7 am and 6 pm. at that place are some factors that cause traffic jams. The first one is too much cloistered transportation such as cars and motorcycles. We can get motorcycle easily with solitary(prenominal) 1 million rupiah in Jakarta. race view that using public transportation may lose their privacy and uncomfortable. The second one is the bad conditions of public transportation.Jakarta has some public transportation such as buses, t rain downs, the busway system, taxis and others, but in general it is not in a good condition so people do not want to use it. in that respect is no definite schedule for Transjakarta or trains and both are very crowded. There are many a(prenominal) accidents with trains or buses in Jakarta so it is unsafe too. That is why people choose private transportation. Finally, there is frequent violation of traffic regulations. People tend to break the r ules because they just think about themselves, and they do not think about others.For example, if students are late for school, they will break the rules or regulations by riding fast even though it is in traffic. On the other hand, the police can be bribed easily so people will repeat their mistakes again and again. Flooding is also a major problem in Jakarta. This haps in Jakarta repeatedly every rainy season. Jakarta was built to a lower place sea-level. The land is to a lower place the water, creating a city that is very familiar with the problems of flooding. The government still cannot resolve that problem until now. There are some other factors that cause floods in Jakarta.The first one is a miss of awareness of people in Jakarta to obey rules. People in Jakarta appear self-loving and they do not care about others. They often litter everywhere and never think about the damage they cause. For example, they throw garbage in the river or irrigation. It makes the river full of garbage and when it is rainy, it will overflow. In addition, people do not care about their environment in Jakarta. Second reason is natural factors. arduous rain can cause flooding in Jakarta. Moreover, almost every area in Jakarta is low water and there is no area for water absorption.Flooding gives many disadvantages such as diseases and done for(p) neighborhoods. Many children and adults are affected by malaria and other diseases, which are quite dangerous to their safety. Usually the diseases make pass in the slums of Jakarta neighborhood where people do not heed the rules. In contrast, Jakarta is a metropolitan city that offers many advantages. Jakarta Governor Fauzi Bowo (as cited in Smith, 2009) said that Jakarta is not only as Indonesia capital city, but also center of economic, culture, and education.At this moment, Jakarta is growing strongly but its population is at the buffer zones. We can see that Jakarta is a good place for trading and manufacturing. There are lots of foreign companies in Jakarta. Jakarta is the most luxurious and busiest city in Indonesia. The other advantages are entertainment. Jakarta has modern office towers, luxury shopping malls, night clubs, restaurants and cafes, theme parks and many much. It is really comfortable and enjoyable to live in Jakarta. For example, Plaza Indonesia mall offers a theater, luxury cafes and stores that attracts many people to go there.Beside the disadvantages, Jakarta can be a comfortable place to live. It can be concluded that Jakarta as an overpopulated city has some advantages and disadvantages. Jakarta is a beautiful city and it is a good place to live if we know how to live properly there. Besides that, the problems occur every day in Jakarta because it is a busy city. We face traffic chaos every day and flooding every rainy season. The problems are still unsolved by the government and the citizens. They still put their bm to find the best solutions for Jakarta.In the future, I per sonally do not want to live in Jakarta if the problems are unsolved. I think Jakarta already has good entertainment and lifestyle but the traffic is too chaotic and the flooding is too dangerous. It is unsafe to live here for a recollective time with the pollution, diseases, crime, and much more. In 2025 if the government still does not have solutions, Jakarta will be more overpopulated and the traffic will be everywhere. So I would prefer to live in another(prenominal) city that is more comfortable and safe where traffic jams and flooding are not big problems.The Future Of JakartaJakarta, the capital city of Indonesia has suffered many problems for decades. Recent years have seen increasing concern about some problems in Jakarta. The major problems are traffic congestion, flooding, waste disposal and ensuring a supply of clean water to Jakartas inhabitants. These problems are interconnected. Jakarta is the best destination for Indonesians to get a better life, but this can result in traffic jams because of the overpopulation. It appears that the people of Jakarta have a bad attitude towards garbage disposal, and this contributes to the problem of flooding.Even though Jakarta has many problems, some people choose to live here and some have no other choices. As Jakarta develops, the problems are also getting bigger. They have to be eliminated as soon as possible to create a better future for Jakarta. Jakarta is the capital and largest city in Indonesia. Located on the northwest coast of Java, it is the most populous city in Indonesia and in Southeast Asia. The official metropolitan area, known as Jabodetabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi), is the second largest in the world. By this definition, I understand that Jakarta is the focus of Indonesia.Jakarta is a center of economic, cultural, education and political that can enable Jakarta to develop. We also know that Jakarta has one of the largest populations in the world. This is one of the factor s of the ever-increasing major problems. This essay has been divided into three parts. The first part deals with the overpopulation in Jakarta. The second part looks at the traffic jam and flooding that are the major problems of Jakarta. The third part of this essay considers the positive things that are developing in Jakarta as a metropolitan city.Finally, I will conclude my ideas. These help us to the purpose of this essay which is deciding to live in Jakarta in 2050 or not. According to Jakarta Post (Jakartas growing numbers, 2010), Jakartas population is increasing at an alarming level. According to the recent national census, the capital city is inhabited by nearly 9. 6 million people. The citys population is 4 percent of the countrys total population of 237. 6 million people. With the new figures, we can see that the citys population has grown 4. 4 percent over the last 10 years, up from 8. 3 million in 2000.Jakarta is a busy, overcrowded city with traffic chaos every day and slums in many areas. Currently, less than 10 percent of the city is dedicated to open spaces. We can easily guess that urbanization is the biggest factor of population growth in Jakarta because Jakarta attracts people with its advantages. For example, Young farmers prefer to leave their hometowns to work in the city due to a lack of government incentives in the agricultural sector, while people with higher education prefer to work in Jakarta because Jakarta has the best education and job opportunities than other provinces.The problem can be solved by reducing disparities between Jakarta and other provinces. One of the major problems in Jakarta is traffic jams. Nowadays the traffic jams become worse it is difficult to go anywhere without delay. Since the modern era, everybody needs transportation to live and we cannot separate transportation and traffic. As Balie (2009) points out, statistic show total vehicles in Jakarta now are about 4,9 million, of which 2,8 million have two wheel s and 2,1 million have four wheels. We almost see traffic chaos every time especially at works and school time which is at 7 am and 6 pm.There are some factors that cause traffic jams. The first one is too much private transportation such as cars and motorcycles. We can get motorcycle easily with only 1 million rupiah in Jakarta. People think that using public transportation may lose their privacy and uncomfortable. The second one is the bad conditions of public transportation. Jakarta has some public transportation such as buses, trains, the busway system, taxis and others, but in general it is not in a good condition so people do not want to use it. There is no definite schedule for Transjakarta or trains and both are very crowded.There are many accidents with trains or buses in Jakarta so it is unsafe too. That is why people choose private transportation. Finally, there is frequent violation of traffic regulations. People tend to break the rules because they just think about them selves, and they do not think about others. For example, if students are late for school, they will break the rules or regulations by riding fast even though it is in traffic. On the other hand, the police can be bribed easily so people will repeat their mistakes again and again. Flooding is also a major problem in Jakarta. This occurs in Jakarta repeatedly every rainy season.Jakarta was built below sea-level. The land is below the water, creating a city that is very familiar with the problems of flooding. The government still cannot resolve that problem until now. There are some other factors that cause floods in Jakarta. The first one is a lack of awareness of people in Jakarta to obey rules. People in Jakarta appear egocentric and they do not care about others. They often litter everywhere and never think about the damage they cause. For example, they throw garbage in the river or irrigation. It makes the river full of garbage and when it is rainy, it will overflow.In addition, people do not care about their environment in Jakarta. Second reason is natural factors. Heavy rain can cause flooding in Jakarta. Moreover, almost every area in Jakarta is under water and there is no area for water absorption. Flooding gives many disadvantages such as diseases and destruct neighborhoods. Many children and adults are affected by malaria and other diseases, which are quite dangerous to their safety. Usually the diseases occur in the slums of Jakarta neighborhood where people do not heed the rules. In contrast, Jakarta is a metropolitan city that offers many advantages.Jakarta Governor Fauzi Bowo (as cited in Smith, 2009) said that Jakarta is not only as Indonesia capital city, but also center of economic, culture, and education. At this moment, Jakarta is growing strongly but its population is at the buffer zones. We can see that Jakarta is a good place for trading and manufacturing. There are lots of foreign companies in Jakarta. Jakarta is the most luxurious and b usiest city in Indonesia. The other advantages are entertainment. Jakarta has modern office towers, luxury shopping malls, night clubs, restaurants and cafes, theme parks and many more. It is really comfortable and enjoyable to live in Jakarta.For example, Plaza Indonesia mall offers a theater, luxury cafes and stores that attracts many people to go there. Beside the disadvantages, Jakarta can be a comfortable place to live. It can be concluded that Jakarta as an overpopulated city has some advantages and disadvantages. Jakarta is a beautiful city and it is a good place to live if we know how to live properly there. Besides that, the problems occur every day in Jakarta because it is a busy city. We face traffic chaos every day and flooding every rainy season. The problems are still unsolved by the government and the citizens.They still put their effort to find the best solutions for Jakarta. In the future, I personally do not want to live in Jakarta if the problems are unsolved. I t hink Jakarta already has good entertainment and lifestyle but the traffic is too chaotic and the flooding is too dangerous. It is unsafe to live here for a long time with the pollution, diseases, crime, and much more. In 2025 if the government still does not have solutions, Jakarta will be more overpopulated and the traffic will be everywhere. So I would prefer to live in another city that is more comfortable and safe where traffic jams and flooding are not big problems.

Analyisis of Yell Group PLC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Analyisis of Yell conclave PLC - Essay Examplerange of media like printed directories, local and national newspapers, and online directories and also provides business and residential development on phone. The main areas of operation of the group are United Kingdom and United States of America. (Company Overview, Worldscope) In the year 2006, the guild posted a total sales figure of 1621.30 million. The operational income was 449.30 million, and the net income was 212.30 million. The total assets of the company in 2006 amounted to 3592.60 million as against the total liabilities of 2486.80million. The EBITDA is 493.90million. The key fundamentals of the company the company are given as underThe sales of the company attach from 670.51 million pounds in 2002 to 1285.30 million pounds in 2005. From 2002 to 2003 in that respect was a 66.14% increase in sales. This increase in sales stabilized to 6.54% in 2004 and then increased to 8.29% in 2005. From 2002 to 2005 the cost of good s sold increased from 226.10 million pounds to 470.70 million pounds. The first year saw an increase of about 72.05%. This increase also stabilized to 11.39% in 2004 and 8.63% in 2005. The cost of goods sold from 2002 to 2500 decreased consistently, bandage the rate of increase in sales dipped to 6.54% from a superior of 66.14% in 2003. The gross income and the operating income have also increased consistently from 2003 onwards. The increases were the highest from 2002 to 2003, and all the increases were over 50% in all the in a higher place measures. At the same time, the company has been trying to reduce its general, admin, selling expenses and other expenses. These expenses were again very high from 2002 to 2003, but have steadily decreased since then. The earnings before interest and taxes increased by 59.46% in 2003 and decreased at the rate of 49.30% in 2004. It again showed a phenomenal increase of 161.15% in 2005. This hack of decrease and then increase was a result of a n increase in the pretax extraordinary charge at the data 64.12%